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  • A Busy Market Square, Copenhagen

    A Busy Market Square, Copenhagen

    The scene before you gives some notion of the reason for the name of the capital city of Denmark. The word "Copenhagen" (k´pn-h´gn) means "merchants' harbor." And here are buyers and sellers a-plenty in this busy old city. Can you make out what is for sale? Copenhagen is an ancient, island city. A thousand years ago a fishing village stood where the present city now is. The village grew because the harbor is one of the finest on the Baltic Sea. Besides, it is at the western end of the Baltic, and receives ships going into and out of this northern ocean. In time the king of the Danes made it the capital of his country. Now it is a city larger than San Francisco. It is built on two islands separated by a stretch of water called the Haven, where the shipping lies. Here are ships flying the flags of all nations. And here too, are large shipbuilding ways where the vessels are being constructed. The Dames have always been a seafaring people. They invaded England; and Iceland and Greenland are still their colonies. In addition to its commerce, the city is noted for its porcelain works, breweries, sugar refineries, and cloth factories. Much of its trade is carried on with Norway, Sweden, Germany, and Great Britain. The city was once the home of a famous sculptor named Thorwaldsen. One other Dame you probably know about. He is Hans Christian Andersen, the author of fairy tales. The soil of this little land is poor and the climate is severe in winter. Dairying, poultry raising, and sugar beet farming are the chief occupations in the country. Keystone ID: 13082 Note: All titles, descriptions, and location coordinates are from the original Keystone Slide documentation as supplied by the Keystone View Company. No text has been edited or changed.
  • A Busy Street in Minneapolis, Minn.

    A Busy Street in Minneapolis, Minn.

    Minneapolis sprang up at the Falls of St. Anthony on the Mississippi. Not many years ago Minnesota was noted for its lumbering. The Falls of St. Anthony furnished power to drive the machinery of great sawmills and planing factories. When the lumbering ceased to be so important, agriculture took its place. In a few years there were miles of wheat fields on the prairies, particularly in the valley of the Red River of the North. Today Minneapolis is the greatest flour making center in the world. North Dakota, South Dakota, and Minnesota grow a great deal of flax. This is raised for its oil. Minneapolis is the center of this trade, so it has great linseed oil factories. Linseed oil is made from flax seed. It is used to mix with paint. The seeds are crushed, the oil is pressed out, and the seedcakes are fed to farm animals. Minneapolis and St. Paul are so near each other they are called "The Twin Cities." Together they are the greatest railroad center northwest of Chicago. Minneapolis has 4 transcontinental railway lines and 9 railway systems Seven lines connect it with Chicago, 6 of which end in Minneapolis. The city has broad, clean, well-lighted streets. Nicollet Avenue, shown in the view, is the chief retail thorough fare and one of the finest streets in the city. Minneapolis has a fine park system, containing nearly 4,000 acres. In one of these parks is Minnehaha Falls, which you have read about in Longfellow's Hiawatha. The state university is also in Minneapolis. It is one of the largest universities in our country. Minneapolis is the largest city in Minnesota. It has a population of over 300,000. Which way is it from Chicago Keystone ID: 16703 Note: All titles, descriptions, and location coordinates are from the original Keystone Slide documentation as supplied by the Keystone View Company. No text has been edited or changed.
  • A Corn Harvester at Work in Indiana

    A Corn Harvester at Work in Indiana

    Corn is a double food supply for stock. The grain is one of the best foods known for horses, cattle, sheep, and hogs. And the stalks and leaves when cured take the place of hay and straw both as food and bedding. On many, perhaps most, small farms, corn is cut by hand. When it begins to ripen in September men cut it several inches above the ground and set in shocks. It is then spoken of as corn fodder. On damp days during the fall or winter the shocks are torn apart, and the corn is husked. The fodder is reshocked, and is hauled out of the field as it is needed for food. But corn cutting by hand is slow and hard work. It takes a strong, quick field hand to cut 30 shocks, 12 hills square, in a day. Hence, a machine was invented to cut corn more rapidly and with less labor. You see here one of these corn harvesters at work. The machine is built to cut but one row at a time. The corn is caught between two slanting uprights and a sickle cuts it off. It is tied in bundles at the same time, and these bundles fall from the rear of the harvester. All the workman needs to do is to drive his team properly. The bundles may be hauled to barns or silos for storage or they may be set in shocks, in much the same way wheat is handled. This machine does not husk the ears. The first of these harvesters that were operated did not meet with favor. They knocked off too many ears of corn. This objection has been partially overcome. At any rate it is no great task to pick up the fallen ears in field where the corn has been so harvested. And there is a great saving in labor and in time by using machinery instead of men. Keystone ID: 16712 Note: All titles, descriptions, and location coordinates are from the original Keystone Slide documentation as supplied by the Keystone View Company. No text has been edited or changed.
  • A Crevasse in the Victoria Glacier, British Columbia

    A Crevasse in the Victoria Glacier, British Columbia

    On the Canadian Pacific Railway, about 100 miles west of Calgary, is the Rocky Mountain Park of Canada. This is a reservation (rz´ r-v´ shn) of the Dominion Government. It contains about 5,000 square miles. It is sometimes called the Canadian Yosemite. It has many mountains from 8,000 to 10,000 feet in height, a number of hot springs, and one of the most beautiful lakes in the world, Lake Louise. Within its limits are many wild animals such as deer, caribou, (kr´ -b), bears, elks, wild goats, and long-horned sheep. The reservation includes some of the finest glaciers in North America. Here you are on one of these great ice sheets on the side of Mt. Victoria. In the background you see the peaks of Mt. Lefroy and Mt. Victoria. Directly in front of you is wide crevasse (kr-vås´) with sheer sides of solid ice. You see the snow crystals glistening in the bright sunshine. A misstep here would send you into the bottom of the deep, ice-bound precipice. When mountain climbers come to a crevasse such as this, and can find no way around it, a ladder must be constructed to make the crossing. If the chasm (kz'm) is narrow enough for the guide to leap it, a rope ladder can be made to bring the party safely over. Mt. Victoria is a peak 11,400 feet high. It takes skillful mountain climbers from 7 to 9 hours to make the ascent. It was first climbed in 1897. It is a dangerous climb because of the snow and because of the crumbling, overhanging rocks on some of the paths. Mt. Lefroy is 11,290 feet high. It is more difficult to climb than Mt. Victoria. One of its passes over which the ascent is made is called the Abbot Pass, after a mountain climber who there lost his life. Keystone ID: 13830 Note: All titles, descriptions, and location coordinates are from the original Keystone Slide documentation as supplied by the Keystone View Company. No text has been edited or changed.
  • A Fishing Village, Netherlands

    A Fishing Village, Netherlands

    Open your geographies to the map of Netherlands. You see that the sea has bitten out of the center of it a great mouthful of land. This stretch of water is called Zuider Zee. "Zee" in Dutch means "sea.." Ages ago the sea covered a large part of the land we now call Netherlands. Then the waters lowered. Sand dunes were piles up with great arms of the ocean running far into the land. But the rivers brought down soil and filed up the channels. Then the Dutch came, and they set to work to help Nature out. They built dikes like the sand dunes, and pumped water back into the ocean. Thousands of acres in Netherlands have thus been captured from the sea. The work is still going on. The Zuider Zee is being drained and filled in from year to year. Some day the Zuider Zee may not be on the map of Holland. You are looking at one of the flat islands of this inland sea. It looks to be scarcely above the water's edge. Not a tree in sight. The houses of the little fishing village are huddled together as if they were afraid. The people, at least, have one great fear hanging over them. This is that the sea may rush in during a storm and flood their land. But the fishermen are bold. To the northwest is one of the greatest fishing grounds in the world. Here the Dutch trawlers go for their catch. They are manned by hardy sailors as bold as Hendrik Hudson. Perhaps the Dutch have fought the sea so long they are naturally its masters. At any rate their vessels have explored all parts of the world. Dutch colonies are in both Americas and in the far-away East Indies. The Dutch East India Company has played as important a part in the history of commerce as that of the Hudson Bay Company of the English. What did Hudson discover? Keystone ID: 6436 Note: All titles, descriptions, and location coordinates are from the original Keystone Slide documentation as supplied by the Keystone View Company. No text has been edited or changed.
  • A French Winter Resort, Cannes

    A French Winter Resort, Cannes

    You may be unable to find the city of Cannes (kån) on your map. It has a population of only 35,000, yet it is widely known in Europe. It is famed as a winter resort. It lies on the gulf of the Mediterranean, northeast of Marseilles (mär-slz´) and southwest of Nice (ns). The coast here is called the Riviera (r-vyâ´ rä). The Riviera runs from Cannes to Genoa. The Alps close in on the west and the Appenines of the east. Here during the winter months come hundreds of persons to escape to cold of Paris, London, or Berlin. The climate of this section is semitropical and very healthy. The slope is southerly, and the warm winds from northern Africa make it pleasant in midwinter. People of Europe go to Cannes in the winter just as people of the northern United States go to Palm Beach or Los Angeles. The city has many fine villas with beautiful gardens about. Most of these houses are built of white marble quarried from the nearby hills. Cannes is a city of flowers. On the hill slopes back of it some 60,000 acres are set to flowers from which perfume is made. There are orchards of fig trees, olives, peaches, oranges, almonds, and lemons. The gardens about the houses are bright with flowers and the blossoms of semi-tropical trees. The harbor is small and is used chiefly by private yachts (yôt), sailboats, and launches. Some of these you can see here. Boating and bathing are the popular pastimes of the wealthy. Nearby are many beautiful islands that make excellent picnicking grounds. There are a few historic spots in Cannes that are worthy of note. One of these is an old church 600 years old. There are also the ruins of a castle, and a tower. From the tower one can have a fine view of the city and the harbor. Keystone ID: 11760 Note: All titles, descriptions, and location coordinates are from the original Keystone Slide documentation as supplied by the Keystone View Company. No text has been edited or changed.
  • A Highland Home, Scotland

    A Highland Home, Scotland

    You have here a view of a peasant's house. Such houses can be found throughout the length and breadth of Scotland. Most of them are built in the same way. That is, their walls are made of stones or bricks, and their roofs of thatch. Simple as they are, though, they are very pleasing to the eye. In the summer time the walls of the houses are covered with vines and the little gardens next the houses show the Scotchman's love of thrift and natural beauty. The view shows more than the mere outside of the house. Here are two Scotch women each of whom is more than three score years. They are having their afternoon cup of tea and are doubtless chatting over the affairs of their little village. They sit prim and erect at the little tea table on chairs that are as prim and erect as they are. Their lives have been led entirely, perhaps, within the valley in which they now live. Beyond the mountains you see in the background lies a world unknown to them. They often speak of the country beyond the neighboring hills as "over yonder." The Scotch have long been known as a hardy people. They are honest, fearless, and simple in their ways of living. They are straightforward and frank. It is said that a Scotchman would not tell a lie to save his head. But he can be, and usually is, a courteous gentleman. Their simple ways of living have been taught them by the very country in which they live. It is generally rough and the crops are not large. Life becomes to these country dwellers a simple matter, and they become, like their hills, rugged, erect, and clean-cut. Scotland has given to the world some of its greatest thinkers, especially in engineering, science and medicine. It has also furnished great statesmen and warriors. Its three great authors you know very well. They are Carlyle, Scott, and Burns. Keystone ID: 12702 Note: All titles, descriptions, and location coordinates are from the original Keystone Slide documentation as supplied by the Keystone View Company. No text has been edited or changed.
  • A Load of Logs Near Kettle River Landing, Minnesota

    A Load of Logs Near Kettle River Landing, Minnesota

    In this scene you are near Kettle River, Minnesota, about 50 miles southwest of Duluth. Formerly a large part of the state of Minnesota was covered with rich forests. In the northeastern section were the great pine areas. South of the pine district were the great woods in which were spruce, tamarack, oak, birch, and poplar. The lumbermen were the first to settle in the state, and its early development was due to the lumber industry. Now, however, most of the valuable timber has been cut. But more than one-fifth of the area of the state is still timbered. In 1913 the lumber output of Minnesota amounted to 1,149,704,000 feet. The forests of the United States have been one of our greatest assets. We sometimes think that most of our timber has been removed, but still 1/4 of our country is in woods. Our forests formerly covered about 850,000,000 acres, by far the richest forested areas of any other like size in the world. We are now cutting trees at the rate of three times the annual growth. This means that our forested areas are decreasing very rapidly. Every year we use about 90,000,000 cords of wood for fuel; about 40,000,000,000 board feet of lumber; 450,000,000 board feet for veneer; 135,000,000 ties; 1,500,000,000 staves, to say nothing of the wood used for pulp, mine timbers, excelsior, telegraph and telephone poles, etc. The men here shown have brought down from the hillside a great sled load of logs. Observe the way in which the sled is built. It is made in two sections so that the front runners can be turned to Kettle River and floated to the mill below where they will be sawed into lumber. Keystone ID: 20033 Note: All titles, descriptions, and location coordinates are from the original Keystone Slide documentation as supplied by the Keystone View Company. No text has been edited or changed.
  • A Mountain Chalet, Grindelwald, Switzerland

    A Mountain Chalet, Grindelwald, Switzerland

    The word "chalet" (shå-l´) means "cottage". The term is now used chiefly to mean Swiss cottages. These are built in one general style. The lower story is of stone. The upper story is of wood. The roof is made of shingles and projects far out over the house. Where the country is rough, and mountain floods are common, the roofs are weighed down with stones. Sometimes a torrent breaks over a mountain side and plunges into the valley. Then the houses need to be strong and the roofs solid. The view shows an ideal Swiss scene. Against the side of the cottage is stacked a pile of wood. This is to be used for fuel, perhaps for cooking. The pile will be much larger before winter comes; for huge fires are needed to drive out the cold in these mountains when the now falls. In the little out-house are stored supplies of food. The narrow road winds up the valley past another farm house. It looks like a ribbon unwound among the foothills. The little field is strongly fenced. You would call it only a garden. Most Swiss fields are only gardens in size. Only a small part of the land is tillable, but it is carefully tended. Every village has its herdsman who drives the cattle each summer morning up the mountain sides where the pastures are green. In the distance the picture shows the white cap of an Alpine peak. The snows on its top are everlasting. In the valley are trees that shed their leaves in the fall. Beyond and higher to the right you will observe the evergreens. Beyond these the trees are only shrubs. Then plant life disappears, and the line of snow is reached. Generally speaking, wild animal life also stops with the line of vegetation. There are a few exceptions to this, however. Keystone ID: 10702 Note: All titles, descriptions, and location coordinates are from the original Keystone Slide documentation as supplied by the Keystone View Company. No text has been edited or changed.
  • A Nightingale on Her Nest, England

    A Nightingale on Her Nest, England

    Perhaps no bird has figured in poetry so often as the nightingale. It is the bulbul of the Persian poets. It has been a favorite theme of English poets from Chaucer to Keats. Its song is sweet and full of melody, and carries a long distance. The fact that is sings after night, when all else is still, has made it popular. Here is a part of a poem that Keats wrote about it, as he listened to its night song through his open window. The bird is described as flying from one thicket to another far away: Adieu! adieu! thy plaintive anthem fades,
Past the near meadows, over the hill stream,
Up the hillside, and now 'tis buried deep
In the next valley-glades:
Was it a vision, or a waking dream?
Fled is that music:-Do I wake or sleep? It is the male bird that sings. He sings in fine weather in the daytime as well as at night. He can be heard only from early May to the middle of June, for he sings only till the young are hatched. The nest is begun in the early part of May. The birds of the species you see here are to be found only in central Europe and Africa. They go to Africa for the winter. In the spring they return to their summer haunts. They prefer thick woodsy spots in damp places. The nightingale is not a large bird. From the bill to the tip of the tail it measures only a half foot. What bird do you know of about the same size? It has a brownish back, and a buff-colored breast. Its eggs are generally brown. From 4 to 6 are laid in the nest. Of what is the nest built? Is it near the ground? Make a list of birds that nest on the ground; in bushes; in trees. How would you go about to take the picture you see here? Keystone ID: 21200 Note: All titles, descriptions, and location coordinates are from the original Keystone Slide documentation as supplied by the Keystone View Company. No text has been edited or changed.
  • A Russian Peasant Plowing

    A Russian Peasant Plowing

    Russia is a backward country in its industries. The peasants are not educated, and do their work in the same way and with the same tools that their grandparents did. In this view, the Russian farmer is turning the soil with a plow at which an American farmer would laugh. It is an old-fashioned, home-made, clumsy affair. It does not turn the top soil under properly, as you see. The harness of the horse is in keeping with the plow. In spite of poor farm machinery, Russia is an agricultural country. It buys most of its manufactured goods from other nations. It produces four-fifths of the flax of the world; one-fifth of the wheat and the sugar beets; and one-tenth of the cattle. Rye, barley, oats, hemp, and potatoes are widely grown. The bread of the peasant is made of rye flour. The farmer you see here may own this land; but he does not own it in the way we use the term. Each village and city holds the land for its peasant population. Every year the fields are parceled out to the village dwellers. But the ground is worked in common, and the people usually work together. At harvest times the crops are divided among the people by the village officers. The only part of the land the peasant really controls is a small garden on which his house sits. The government and the wealthy class hold much of the country in large estates. Russia has the greatest natural resources of any country in Europe. It has long stretches of fine farming land. It is rich in minerals of many kinds. Its forests are hundreds of miles in extent. None of these resources have yet been developed. Tell how plowing is done on the farms in your neighborhood. What is a peasant? Of what is your bread made? Keystone ID: 18101 Note: All titles, descriptions, and location coordinates are from the original Keystone Slide documentation as supplied by the Keystone View Company. No text has been edited or changed.
  • A Street in Budapest, Hungary

    A Street in Budapest, Hungary

    Hungary, a part of the Empire of Austria-Hungary, would make 3 states the size of Ohio. It is an agricultural country. Its principal crops are corn, wheat, barley, oats, and rye. Grapes are widely grown, and much wine is made. Tobacco and hops are important field crops. Its orchards produce apples, apricots, peaches, pears, and plums. Its forests are extensive. Oak, beech, and pine are its valuable trees. The mines and factories of Hungary are its other sources of wealth. Iron, coal, gold, and silver are the chief minerals. It manufactures clothing, foodstuffs, machinery, glassware, leather, chemicals, sugar, flour, and liquors. Budapest is the capital of Hungary. It is 160 miles southeast of Vienna, the capital of the Empire. The city is built on both sides of the Danube. On the right bank is Buda, a much older city than Pest, on the other side of the river. The two cities united in 1872. Pest is now much larger than Buda, and is a more modern city in all respects. Budapest has a population of about 880,000. Three-fourths of these speak the Magyar (md´ yr) tongue. The street you see here leads from the center of Pest, on the Danube, to the Town Park, 2 miles distant. It shows the extent of the city, and its fine buildings all of the same height. The height of all buildings is regulated by law. Near the spot you are standing are the fine Parliament Buildings. The city has many factories, and is especially noted for its flouring mills. It is sometimes called the Minneapolis of Europe. Why? The wheat grown in Hungary is of fine grade, and Budapest flour brings high prices in the European markets. The city was the first capital in Europe to use electricity for lighting and for driving street cars. Keystone ID: 15656 Note: All titles, descriptions, and location coordinates are from the original Keystone Slide documentation as supplied by the Keystone View Company. No text has been edited or changed.
  • A Trainload of Coal from Pittsburgh Fields for Lake Superior Consumption, Conneaut, Ohio

    A Trainload of Coal from Pittsburgh Fields for Lake Superior Consumption, Conneaut, Ohio

    There is nothing unusual about this scene. On almost any of the great railways in the eastern and middle western sections of our country such trainloads of coal as this can be seen any day. But there is a particular interest connected with this and similar trainloads of coal running from the Pittsburgh district to the Great Lakes. Our greatest iron ore deposit lies at the western end of Lake Superior. In this district, however, there are no coal fields. One of two things must be done. Either coal must be taken to the ore fields, or the iron must be brought to the coal fields. Coal is needed to heat the iron so that it can be made into steel. When the Lake Superior iron district was first worked, all the ore was carried by huge lake boats to the coal district. But by this method, these boats had to return empty. This was a great waste. Now the shipping is carried forward both ways. Iron and steel refineries have been built in the Superior District. The vessels that bring iron ore to the east, carry back heavy cargoes of coal to be used in the Superior iron district. This trainload of coal that you see will be put on board one of these ships and unloaded at Duluth or Superior, not far distant from the iron ore area. This makes the ports along the southern shore of Lake Erie the natural exchange place of coal and iron. Among these important ports are Buffalo, Erie, Cleveland, Toledo, Ashtabula, Lorain, and Conneaut, the city here shown. Locate each of these cities on your map. Trace a shipment of coal from Conneaut to Duluth. Through what waters does it pass? Keystone ID: 6705 Note: All titles, descriptions, and location coordinates are from the original Keystone Slide documentation as supplied by the Keystone View Company. No text has been edited or changed.
  • A View of Quebec from Dufferin Terrace

    A View of Quebec from Dufferin Terrace

    Quebec is situated on a high cliff. This is formed by the union of the St. Charles and the St. Lawrence Rivers. Its location, its inhabitants, and its history make it one of the most remarkable cities in America. The people of the city and of the province of Quebec are largely French. You will recall this country was discovered, explored, and settled by the French, and that the city was the French capital of the New World. It was here that the supreme struggle between the English and the French in America took place. The view of Quebec and the surroundings from Dufferin Terrace is rich in its scenic beauty and in its suggestion of history. Directly below you is the Lower Town, as the section of the city is called which lies at the foot of the headland. There you see the winding streets, with their quaint old buildings on which are signs written in French. Beyond lies the majestic St. Lawrence, and the mouth of the St. Charles. On a clear day you can make out distinctly a town 35 miles down the river. The low banks are dotted with white villages, and with an occasional white house. At the south end of the Terrace is a citadel (st´ å-dl). This is a fortification on the highest point of the headland, covering 40 acres of ground. Dufferin Terrace is a large, wooden platform, 1/4 of a mile long and 50 to 70 feet wide. It is a sort of public promenade. Here hundreds of strollers march back and forth on a summer's evening, enjoying the scenery, the cool breezes from the St. Lawrence, and the music of the military band. Near by is the Wolfe and Mont-calm monument, erected in 1827 in honor of the two opposing English and French generals. Keystone ID: 13987 Note: All titles, descriptions, and location coordinates are from the original Keystone Slide documentation as supplied by the Keystone View Company. No text has been edited or changed.
  • A View of Vancouver, B.C.

    A View of Vancouver, B.C.

    You are here looking out over Burrard Inlet in which are built the wharves of the city of Vancouver. The depot and the wharves of the Canadian Pacific Railway are directly in front of you. The main portion of the city lies back of you on either hand. The entrance to the harbor is far out to the left. Vancouver gets its name from the British explorer who coasted up the western shores of North America, and discovered Puget Sound. This was in 1793, the year in which Washington began his second administration. The city was not founded, however, until 1885. In that year the Canadian pacific Railway selected it as its western terminus. The following year the little town was wiped out by fire. The town grew rapidly. By 1891 it had a population of more than 13,000. In 1911 its inhabitants numbered over 100,000. Though scarcely 40 years old, the city is now larger than Albany, N. Y. Vancouver is a lively western city. It has many manufactories. It makes machinery, furniture, carriages, flour, boots and shoes, and sugar. Ship building is also an important business. Commercially, the city is of chief importance as an exchange point. In its ports are vessels from China, Japan, San Francisco, Alaska, and near-by coastal cities. These vessels are laden with tea, silk, and sealskins, on their incoming voyages. They carry away heavy cargoes of lumber, coal, and wheat. The Canadian Pacific Railway taps the great timber region of the Rockies, and farther eastward the rich farming districts west of the Great Lakes. The city lies on a peninsula (pn-n´ s-lå) shaped like a half-formed fishhook. On the point of the peninsula is Stanley Park, containing 960 acres. It is beautifully wooded. Which way is Vancouver from your home? Keystone ID: 13837 Note: All titles, descriptions, and location coordinates are from the original Keystone Slide documentation as supplied by the Keystone View Company. No text has been edited or changed.
  • Aberdeen Angus, Noted Beef Breed, Scotland

    Aberdeen Angus, Noted Beef Breed, Scotland

    Cattle are roughly classed in two groups. One kind is dairy cattle, the other is beef cattle. These names tell you what each kind is noted for. Among the dairy cattle are Jerseys, Ayrshires, Guernseys, and Holstein-Friesian. The best known of the beef cattle are the Herefords, the Shorthorns, the Galloways, and the Aberdeen Angus. Nobody knows just when the Aberdeen Angus breed was begun, but it must be an old race of cattle. It has long been the most popular kind of cattle in several of the coast counties of northeastern Scotland. Among these is the county from which the first half of the name comes. The "Angus" comes from the district in which the Aberdeen herds are best known. About a hundred years ago the cattle raisers of these Scotch counties began to perfect the breed. It is now one of the important beef types of cattle. There are many marks that set the Aberdeen Angus off from the other kinds of beef cattle. Herefords have white faces and legs. Shorthorns are red and white, and have drooping horns. Galloways have no horns, are black in color, but are smaller than the Aberdeen Angus. The Aberdeen Angus is black and hornless. Their hair is short and smooth. Galloways are shaggy. The Angus have high foreheads and tapering hips. Their necks and forequarters are heavy. They are fine, active cattle. The breeders of these cattle claim that the meat of the Aberdeen Angus is better flavored and more finely grained than that of any other kind. What breeds of beef cattle are common in your county? If you do not live in the country, ask your butcher. Find out what breed of cows furnishes the milk you drink. Keystone ID: 21501 Note: All titles, descriptions, and location coordinates are from the original Keystone Slide documentation as supplied by the Keystone View Company. No text has been edited or changed.
  • Above the Clouds, on Mount Pilatus, Switzerland

    Above the Clouds, on Mount Pilatus, Switzerland

    You might think that this is a picture of a fort overlooking a lake. The building is a hotel on top of Mt. Pilatus. And what appears to be water is clouds. You are looking on a strange world. It is the kind of sight that aviators (´ v-´ tr) get in mountainous country when high up in an aeroplane (´ r--pln). Mt. Pilatus is near Lake Lucerne (l-sûrn´). Its highest peak is 6,995 feet above sea level. It is possible to climb the mountain on foot, but it is a hard journey. Some of the paths to the top are not very safe. Most people now go up the mountain by the cogwheel railway. This railway is almost 3 miles long, and reaches a point over a mile above its beginning. It is a ride that travelers to Switzerland cannot miss. On top of the mountain the view is wonderful. Mt. Pilatus itself has 10 peaks, all rough and jagged. If the day is clear, the traveler can look out over peak after peak of the Alps. To the eastward lies beautiful Lake Lucerne. Due north a few miles is the city of Lucerne. Mt. Pilatus used to be called the Broken Mountain. This describes it better than the name it now bears. The mountain is formed of a kind of limestone. The Lake Lucerne district draws more visitors than any part of Switzerland. The lake is 1,500 feet above sea level, and the mountains above it are sights of changing beauty. To the Swiss it is very dear on account of William Tell, the Swiss hero. You will observe in the picture the way in which the roads and paths are cut into the peak. Note also the sharp sides of the neighboring peak. Locate Lake Lucerne on your map. What do you know about William Tell? Keystone ID: 10798 Note: All titles, descriptions, and location coordinates are from the original Keystone Slide documentation as supplied by the Keystone View Company. No text has been edited or changed.
  • After Winter's First Visit-gap of Golden Gate, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming

    After Winter's First Visit-gap of Golden Gate, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming

    Yellowstone Park is chiefly in the extreme northwestern part of Wyoming, but a small strip of it some 3 miles in width is in Montana, and it extends about 11 miles into Idaho. It contains 3300 square miles. It is a national park; that is, it is controlled by the United States Government. A park superintendent has charge of it. He is appointed by the Secretary of the Interior. He has a body of soldiers to enforce his orders. The first visit to the Yellowstone Park of which there is any record was made by John Colter in 1810. Colter was on his way home by himself from the famous Lewis and Clark expedition. He took refuge in what is now the park, to escape from the Indians. A trapper named Joseph Meek, in 1829, visited the region and described its geysers and hot springs. A government expedition in 1859 carefully explored and charted the district. Finally in 1870 Henry D. Washburn led an exploring expedition into the Yellowstone area and established the facts concerning it. Two years later it was set apart as a public pleasure ground and as a game preserve. You are here looking at the gap of the Golden Gate. This is a narrow valley overtopped by great hills. The view shows the wonderful beauty of the spot in midwinter. The many colored hills, topped with evergreen trees, with the winter snow caps about, give a wonderful variety of color. How does the Yellowstone Park compare in size with the state of Delaware? Connecticut? Locate it on your map. Tell something of its history. Keystone ID: 13579 Note: All titles, descriptions, and location coordinates are from the original Keystone Slide documentation as supplied by the Keystone View Company. No text has been edited or changed.
  • Alhambra Palace, Granada, Spain

    Alhambra Palace, Granada, Spain

    The Moors held Spain for a number of centuries. Their capital was at Granada (grä-nä´ dä), and their palaces are called the Alhambra. One of the palaces only is properly named the Alhambra, that is the Palace of the Moorish Kings. But the name is now applied to the many buildings. The Alhambra sets on a hill surrounded by deep ravines. It was well placed for defense against a foe in the Middle Ages. The first palace was built by Mohammed I, in the 13th century. Succeeding kings built the finest of these-the Court of the Lions, so named because twelve lions bear a large fountain basin in the center of the court. Under King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella the Moors were driven out. King Ferdinand tore down part of the Alhambra and built a new palace. Since then wars and neglect have further destroyed the fine old structures. But many of the ruins have been restored. Now the Alhambra belongs to the government and is well cared for. It is one of the wonder spots of Europe. The bright colors of the desert, mingled with the Eastern idea of carving, give the whole place an out-of-the-world appearance. It is said that the coloring was made as magnificent as that of the rugs of the East. The view you get in the picture suggests the great size of the Alhambra and the many kinds of buildings it contains. If you wish to have a vivid account of the old Moorish palace read Irving's The Alhambra. Where have you heard before of Ferdinand and Isabella? Who are the Moors? Where is this race of people now found? Is Spain considered one of the great countries of the world today? Was it ever so considered? What was the Spanish-American War about? Keystone ID: 967 Note: All titles, descriptions, and location coordinates are from the original Keystone Slide documentation as supplied by the Keystone View Company. No text has been edited or changed.
  • Along the Danube Canal in Vienna, Austria-hungary

    Along the Danube Canal in Vienna, Austria-hungary

    The Danube, next to the Volga, is the largest river in Europe. It is about the length of the Rio Grande, but it is far more important. It is the only long southern highway of fresh water between eastern and western Europe. It rises in south Germany where one of its arms is linked by a canal with one of the tributaries of the Rhine. Eastward and southward it takes its course across Austria-Hungary, bordering Serbia on the north. For 350 miles it is the boundary between Roumania (r-m´ n-å) and Bulgaria (bl-g´ ri-å). Finally it turns northward across Roumania, and marks the line of separation between that country and Russia. It empties into the Black Sea. The river touches or crosses 5 countries, 3 of which are powerful empires. On its banks are the capitals of two nations and one dependent country. These are Vienna (v-n´ å), Belgrade (bl´ grd´), and Budapest (b´ då-pst´). About 3 miles northwest of Vienna the river breaks through hills of limestone into the Viennese valley. The main body of the river flows on the north of the city. To keep it from flooding, the river has been made into a canal for a distance of 8 miles at a cost of nearly 15 million dollars. The river branches just outside of Vienna so that one arm flows through the heart of the city. This, too, has been made into a canal-the one you see. On either side, and floating on the canal, are warehouses and fish depots (d´ p). On the canal is carried a great deal of the city's freight traffic. It is fitted up with fine stone and concrete quays (k). At either end of it, where it connects with the Danube, are winter harbors. The canal was built in 1869-73. Keystone ID: 5607 Note: All titles, descriptions, and location coordinates are from the original Keystone Slide documentation as supplied by the Keystone View Company. No text has been edited or changed.

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